Quick Summary

The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation’s new 10-year roadmap centers on creating a Development Bank, reinforcing multipolarity, and supporting WTO-based trade rules. With infrastructure financing, economic cooperation, and geopolitical balancing at its core, the plan signals SCO’s ambition to evolve from a security bloc into a full-fledged economic and governance player.

The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) has adopted a 10-year roadmap designed to strengthen its role in shaping a multipolar world order and creating a development bank, Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi announced during the 2025 SCO Summit in Tianjin. The plan underscores new financial initiatives, deeper economic cooperation, and a unified stance on global trade amid rising geopolitical tensions.

What is in the SCO’s 10-year roadmap?

The blueprint lays out several long-term objectives, but three stand out as central pillars:

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1. Creation of an SCO Development Bank
   • Aim: To fund infrastructure, energy, and development projects across member states.
   • Expected impact: Strengthening regional connectivity, reducing reliance on external financing mechanisms, and boosting sustainable growth.
   • Why it matters: This bank could become a counterbalance to Western-led institutions like the World Bank or IMF, offering member states financing with fewer political conditions.
2. Support for a multipolar world order
   • The roadmap reiterates SCO’s commitment to advancing a global system that isn’t dominated by any single power.
   • By reinforcing multilateralism, SCO positions itself as a platform for collective decision-making and resistance to “unilateral measures.”
3. Reaffirming global trade rules
   • The Tianjin Declaration voiced strong support for a WTO-centred multilateral trading system.
   • Member states condemned unilateral sanctions and trade barriers, describing them as violations of international trade norms.

Why the development bank is the centerpiece

The proposed SCO Development Bank is arguably the most ambitious element of the roadmap. Wang Yi described it as a tool to inject “fresh momentum into the economies of member countries.”

• Regional need: Several SCO members face financing gaps in infrastructure, transport, and energy projects.
• Strategic role: A bloc-controlled bank allows members to prioritize projects aligned with their collective interests, rather than those set by outside powers.
• Comparison: Similar to the BRICS New Development Bank, it reflects an ongoing trend of emerging economies building parallel financial institutions to reduce dependence on Western frameworks.

Geopolitical context: why now?

The roadmap arrives at a time when geopolitical tensions are testing global alliances:

• Sanctions and unilateralism: Western sanctions on Russia and others have pushed SCO members to seek financial and trade alternatives.
• Security concerns: The bloc’s joint declaration noted that growing geopolitical rivalries pose a “serious threat” to regional security.
• Shifting power dynamics: By championing multipolarity, SCO is signaling that it aims to play a balancing role in global governance.

What the Tianjin Declaration adds

Beyond the bank and trade commitments, the declaration highlighted:

• Economic cooperation: Calls for deeper coordination on digital economy, renewable energy, and supply chain resilience.
• Security coordination: Continued focus on counterterrorism, drug trafficking, and cyber threats.
• Cultural exchanges: Emphasis on people-to-people ties, language cooperation, and education programs to strengthen cross-border connectivity.

These goals extend SCO’s scope beyond security into development and soft power.

Why this matters for the future of SCO

The 10-year roadmap is not just an internal plan—it signals SCO’s intent to be a long-term player in global governance.

• For member states: The roadmap could provide more financial autonomy and protection against global economic shocks.
• For global institutions: It adds to the growing trend of regional blocs creating their own systems, challenging Western dominance in trade and finance.
• For observers: The roadmap illustrates how multipolarity is moving from rhetoric to institutional design, with SCO positioning itself as a central node in that shift.